156 articles - From Friday Aug 19 2022 to Friday Aug 26 2022
Guidelines, position statements, white papers, technical reviews, consensus statements, etc…
| Am J Gastroenterol |
| Gastroenterology |
AGA Clinical Practice Update on the Endoscopic Approach to Recurrent Acute and Chronic Pancreatitis: Expert Review. BEST PRACTICE ADVICE 8: Celiac plexus block should not be routinely performed for the management of pain due to chronic pancreatitis. The decision to proceed with celiac plexus block in selected patients with debilitating pain in whom other therapeutic measures have failed can be considered on a case-by-case basis, but only after discussion of the unclear outcomes of this intervention and its procedural risks. |
| Gastrointest Endosc |
Real-world adherence to the 2020 United States Multi-Society Task Force polypectomy surveillance guidelines: an observational study. Adoption of the 2020 USMSTF surveillance guidelines remains low at 2 years. Further research into outcomes for patients with LRAs and SSPs may increase guideline adoption. |
| Gut |
Third Asia-Pacific consensus recommendations on colorectal cancer screening and postpolypectomy surveillance. Thirteen countries/regions in the Asia-Pacific region were represented in this exercise. International advisors from North America and Europe were invited to participate. |
| J Crohns Colitis |
European Crohn's and Colitis Guidelines on Sexuality, Fertility, Pregnancy, and Lactation. Therefore, the management of patients with a wish to conceive and during pregnancy requires specialized counselling and appropriate management including a multidisciplinary approach and close involvement of the prospective parents under a shared decision-making model. This updated consensus paper addresses these issues and is aimed to optimize pre-conceptional, pregnancy and post pregnancy counselling, including the monitoring and therapeutic management of patients with IBD patients with a wish to conceive. |
meta-analyses and systematic reviews
| J Crohns Colitis |
Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Peripheral Blood DNA methylation studies in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Methodological homogenization of IBD epigenetic studies is needed to allow for easier aggregation and independent validation. Nonetheless, we were capable of confirming previous observations. Our results can serve as the basis for future IBD epigenetic biomarker research in PBL. |
RCT, clinical trials, retrospective studies, etc…
| Aliment Pharmacol Ther |
Natural history and impact of irritable bowel syndrome-type symptoms in inflammatory bowel disease during 6 IBS-type symptoms affected more than two-thirds of patients with IBD during >6 |
| Am J Gastroenterol |
Artificial intelligence- aided colonoscopy does not increase adenoma detection rate in routine clinical practice. The ADR and PDR in the AIAC group was lower compared to pre-AIAC (30.3% vs 35.2%, p <0.001; 36.5 % vs 40.9%, p=0.004,respectively); procedure time was significantly shorter in AIAC. In summary, introduction of AIAC did not result in performance improvement in our large-center cohort, raising important questions on AI-human interactions in medicine. |
FLIP Panometry helps identify clinically relevant esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction per Chicago Classification v4.0. FLIP Panometry provides a useful complement to clarify the clinical significance of an HRM/CCv4.0 EGJOO diagnosis and help direct management decisions. |
Gastric Peroral Endoscopic Pyloromyotomy for Infants with Congenital Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis. G-POEM is feasible, safe and effective for infants with CHPS, with satisfactory clinical responses over short-term follow-up. Further multicenter studies should be performed to compare the long-term outcomes of this minimally invasive technique to open or laparoscopic pyloromyotomy. |
The Ongoing Debate of Serum Ammonia Levels in Cirrhosis: The Good, The Bad, and The Ugly. In this scenario, other etiologies of altered mental status should be explored. Future research should focus on developing a standardized approach to serum ammonia collection, processing and interpretation. |
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
Effectiveness of switching from intravenous to subcutaneous infliximab in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases: the REMSWITCH study. Switching from intravenous to subcutaneous infliximab 120 mg eow is safe and well-accepted leading to a low risk of relapse in IBD patients except for those receiving 10mg/kg/4weeks requiring 240 mg eow. |
| Endoscopy |
Minimal water exchange by the air-water valve versus left water exchange in unsedated colonoscopy: a randomized controlled trial. Compared to LWE, MWE demonstrated a non-inferior outcome for insertion pain, and comparable cecal intubation time and ADR, but reduced the volume of water used and eliminated the need for a water pump. |
| Gastroenterology |
Comparison of Anorectal Manometry, Rectal Balloon Expulsion Test, and Defecography for Diagnosing Defecatory Disorders. HR-ARM, BET, and defecography findings were concordant for constipated patients, and reduced rectoanal gradient was the best HR-ARM predictor of prolonged BET or reduced rectal evacuation. Prolonged BET, reduced gradient, and incomplete evacuation each independently supported a diagnosis of DD in constipated patients. We propose the terms probable DD for patients with an isolated abnormal gradient or BET and definite DD for patients with abnormal results from both tests. |
Enterohepatic shunt-driven cholemia predisposes to liver cancer. PSS is relatively common in C57BL/6 mice and causes silent cholemia, which predisposes to liver injury and HCC, particularly when fed a fermentable fiber-enriched diet. Incidence of silent PSS/cholemia in humans awaits investigation. Regardless, measure of serum BA may aid HCC risk assessment, potentially alerting select individuals to consider dietary or BA interventions. |
| Gastrointest Endosc |
A novel deep learning-based computer-aided diagnosis system for predicting inflammatory activity in ulcerative colitis. We established a novel deep-learning based scoring system to evaluate endoscopic images from patients with UC, which can also accurately describe the severity and distribution of inflammatory activity through full-length intestinal endoscopic videos. |
Identification of patients with malignant biliary strictures using a cholangioscopy-based deep learning artificial intelligence (with video). This study demonstrates that a CNN developed using cholangioscopy data alone has greater accuracy for biliary stricture classification than traditional ERCP-based sampling techniques. |
Identification of Visible Lesions During Surveillance Endoscopy for Barrett's Esophagus: A Video-Based Survey Study. Despite improved endoscope resolution and availability of virtual chromoendoscopy, the overall rate of VL detection remains low. Identification of VLs using NBI may be volume dependent. Further education and training efforts focused on VL detection during Barrett's surveillance endoscopy are needed. |
| Gut |
Distinct blood protein profiles associated with the risk of short-term and mid/long-term clinical relapse in patients with Crohn's disease stopping infliximab: when the remission state hides different types of residual disease activity. We identified distinct blood protein profiles associated with the risk of short-term and mid/long-term clinical relapse in patients with CD stopping infliximab. These findings constitute an advance for the development of non-invasive biomarkers guiding the decision of anti-TNFa withdrawal. |
Epithelial SOX9 drives progression and metastases of gastric adenocarcinoma by promoting immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment. Epithelial SOX9 is critical in suppressing CD8 + T cell responses and modified macrophage function in GAC through the paracrine LIF factor. Cotargeting LIF/LIFR and CSF1R has great potential in targeting SOX9-mediated cancer stemness, T cell immunosuppression and metastases suggesting the novel combination therapy against advanced GAC. |
Human gut microbiota after bariatric surgery alters intestinal morphology and glucose absorption in mice independently of obesity. Exposure of rodents to human gut microbiota after restrictive or malabsorptive bariatric surgery improves glycaemic control. The gut microbiota after bariatric surgery is a standalone factor that alters upper gut intestinal morphology and lowers Sglt1-mediated intestinal glucose absorption, which improves blood glucose control independently from changes in obesity, insulin or insulin resistance. |
Targeted intervention to achieve waste reduction in gastrointestinal endoscopy. In this interventional study, applying sustainability measures to a real-world scenario, RMW reduction and daily recycling were achieved and sustained over time, without compromising endoscopy productivity. |
| Hepatology |
AIF1+ CSF1R+ MSCs, induced by TNF-a, act to generate an inflammatory microenvironment and promote hepatocarcinogenesis. Together, our results show that MSCs which are mobilized to the injured site can be educated by macrophages. In turn, the educated MSCs are involved in generating a chronic inflammatory microenvironment and promoting hepatocarcinogenesis. |
Body weight changes and duration of estrogen exposure modulate the evolution of hepatocellular adenomas after contraception discontinuation. Weight variation is strongly associated with radiological evolution after oral contraception discontinuation. A score of estrogen exposure, easily assessable in clinical practice at diagnosis, predicts regression of HCA. |
FGFR1/Klothoß agonist BFKB8488A improves lipids and liver health markers in patients with diabetes or NAFLD: a phase 1b randomized trial. BFKB8488A was adequately tolerated in patients with T2DM or NAFLD, leading to triglyceride reduction, HDL improvements, and trends in improvement in markers of liver health for both populations, and marked liver fat reduction in patients with NAFLD. (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03060538). |
Janus Kinase 2 inhibition by pacritinib as potential therapeutic target for liver fibrosis. This study demonstrates that the JAK2 inhibitor pacritinib may be promising for the treatment of alcoholic and non-alcoholic liver fibrosis, and may be therefore relevant for human pathology. |
Performance of AGA Clinical Care Pathway for the Risk Stratification of Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in the US population. The implementation of the current AGA clinical pathway would lead to overutilization of VCTE. An alternative strategy using FIB-4=1.3 and diabetes to select adults undergoing second-line testing will improve this pathway's performance and minimize unnecessary VCTEs. |
| Inflamm Bowel Dis |
Fusobacterium nucleatum Extracellular Vesicles Promote Experimental Colitis by Modulating Autophagy via the miR-574-5p/CARD3 Axis. Here, we describe a new mechanism by which Fn-EVs mediate experimental colitis severity through miR-574-5p/CARD3-dependent autophagy activation, providing a novel target for UC monitoring and targeted therapy. |
Postvaccination Symptoms After a Third Dose of mRNA SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Results From CORALE-IBD. The frequency and severity of symptoms after a third mRNA vaccine dose are generally similar or milder than after a second dose for most organ systems. |
Young Adult Male Patients With Childhood-onset IBD Have Increased Risks of Compromised Cortical and Trabecular Bone Microstructures. Young adult men with childhood-onset IBD are at increased risk of having reduced bone quality in both the cortical and trabecular bone structures compared with normative matched controls. |
| J Crohns Colitis |
Corticosteroid-sparing Effects of Filgotinib in Moderate to Severely Active Ulcerative Colitis: Data from the Phase 2b/3 SELECTION Study. Filgotinib 200 mg demonstrated corticosteroid-sparing effects and maintained corticosteroid-free clinical remission in patients with UC. MAIC results should be interpreted cautiously given the large CIs and differences in study design and patient populations. |
NOD2 in Crohn's disease- unfinished business. The genomics of NOD2 has much that remains unknown, including the role of rare variation, phasing of variants across the haplotype block and the role of variation in the NOD2-regulatory regions. Here, we discuss the evidence and the unmet needs of NOD2-research, based on recently published evidence, and suggest methods that may meet these requirements. |
Time to endorse a sensitive method for scoring endoscopic activity of ulcerative colitis in clinical research. Further, in a post-hoc analysis, we re-examined endoscopic videos from a clinical trial and demonstrate that assessing involved ulcerated and affected areas on a segmental level of the colon or summing Mayo scores of colonic segments can identify improvements in endoscopic disease activity in almost twice as many subjects as identified by the Mayo endoscopic subscore alone. Although the alternative scoring systems we have used in this report will need further validation, our findings demonstrate the need for a more sensitive endoscopic scoring system in ulcerative colitis. |
| J Hepatol |
Applying an equity lens to liver health and research in Europe. We report that only 10.2% of studies were led by European institutions or conducted in European populations and that certain topics such as alcohol-related liver disease are largely overlooked. In addition, we discuss the relevance of including a health equity lens in conducting clinical, epidemiological and health systems' research in liver disease and set out the basic requirements to tackle health inequalities in liver disease in Europe. |
Combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma derives from liver progenitor cells and depends on senescence and IL6 trans-signaling. Our results demonstrate that cHCC-CCA, but not HCC tumors, originate from HPCs, and that IL6, which derives in part from cells in senescence, plays an important role in this process via IL6 trans-signaling. These findings could enhance new therapeutic approaches for cHCC-CCA liver cancer. |
Entecavir plus Biejia-Ruangan compound reduces the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in Chinese patients with chronic hepatitis B. ETV plus BRC combination treatment could further reduce the risk of HCC and liver-related deaths in CHB patients with advanced fibrosis or cirrhosis, which may have important clinical implications for HCC prevention. |
Hepatectomy-induced apoptotic extracellular vesicles stimulate neutrophils to secrete regenerative growth factors. These data suggest that the clearance of PHx-induced aEVs leads to a population of non-inflammatory, but regenerative neutrophils, which may support human liver regeneration. |
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on liver disease-related mortality rates in the United States. ASMR for ALD and NAFLD increased at an alarming rate during the COVID-19 pandemic with the largest disparities among the young, non-Hispanic White, and Alaska Indian/Native American populations. |
Mitochondrial respiration is decreased in visceral but not subcutaneous adipose tissue in obese individuals with fatty liver disease. Humans with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease feature distinct abnormalities of VAT energy metabolism, which correlate with adipose tissue dysfunction and may favor progression of NAFL to NASH. |
MRG15 aggravates non-alcoholic steaohepatitis progression by regulating the mitochondrial proteolytic degradation of TUFM. Collectively, these findings uncover a mitochondrial MRG15-TUFM regulation pathway that contributes significantly to the liver progression from simple steatosis to NASH, and a potential target to treat NASH. |
Nestin as a diagnostic and prognostic marker for combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma. We show in different clinical settings that Nestin has a diagnostic value and that it is a useful biomarker to identify the subset of cHCC-CCA associated with the worst clinical outcome. Nestin immunohistochemistry may be used to refine risk stratification and improve treatment allocation for patients with this highly aggressive malignancy. |
Partial MCT1 invalidation protects against diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and the associated brain dysfunction. This study provides evidence of compromised brain health in obesity and NAFLD, emphasising the importance of the liver-brain axis. The observation of the protective effect of MCT1 haploinsufficiency points to this protein as a novel therapeutic target for preventing and/or treating NAFLD and the associated brain dysfunction. |
Secretin alleviates biliary and liver injury during late-stage primary biliary cholangitis via restoration of secretory processes. Loss of Sct/SR signaling in late-stage PBC results in a faulty 'bicarbonate umbrella' and reduced Agr2-mediated mucin production. Sct restores cholangiocyte secretory processes and DCJ formation through enhanced mature cholangiocyte phenotypes and bile duct growth. Sct treatment may be therapeutic for late-stage PBC patients. |
| Neurogastroenterol Motil |
High-resolution impedance manometry for comparing bolus transit between patients with non-obstructive dysphagia and asymptomatic controls. The VII ratio was more reliable than the EII ratio for describing bolus transit and distinguishing patients with NOD from asymptomatic controls, even during repeated measures of subsequent swallows. |
Plenty of the editorials are available as full text through the publisher website using the provided link
| Aliment Pharmacol Ther |
Extrahepatic morbidities and mortality of NAFLD: an umbrella review of meta-analyses. Patients with NAFLD are at heightened risk of extrahepatic outcomes. However, the certainty of evidence is only from very low to moderate. Further studies at low risk of bias are required to support the evidence and elucidate any causal associations. |
Review article: guide to tofacitinib dosing in patients with ulcerative colitis. Clinicians must consider the benefit/risk balance of tofacitinib 10 versus 5 mg b.d. in terms of dose-related side effects, as well as the safety implications of undertreating active disease. All patients should be closely monitored for disease relapse following dose reduction or interruption for early recapture of response. |
| Gastroenterology |
| Gastrointest Endosc |
| Hepatology |
Health Disparities in Chronic Liver Disease. Herein, we review the existing literature on racial and ethnic, gender, and socioeconomic disparities in chronic liver diseases using a social determinants of health framework to better understand how social and structural factors cause health disparities and affect chronic liver disease outcomes. We also propose potential solutions to eliminate disparities, outlining health-policy, health-system, community, and individual solutions to promote equity and improve health outcomes. |
The Liver Cancer Immune Microenvironment: Therapeutic Implications for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Other immune targeting-strategies, such as adoptive T-cell transfer, vaccination, or virotherapy, are currently under development. This review provides an overview on the HCC immune microenvironment, the different cellular players, the current available immunotherapies, and potential immunotherapy modalities. |
| J Hepatol |
Interventional radiology meets immuno-oncology for hepatocellular carcinoma. We summarize results from recent studies and provide an overview of ongoing studies in IR and IO. Based on the significant advances in both areas, we propose that IR and IO need to cover the emerging "discipline" of IR-IO, in which we develop and test novel approaches to combine locoregional therapies with immunotherapy, in order to eventually develop sufficient evidence for them to be considered standard of care option for HCC patients in the near future. |
Letters to the editors and authors’ replies
| Aliment Pharmacol Ther |
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
| Gastrointest Endosc |
| Gut |
| J Hepatol |
all remaining publications eg case reports, images of the month, etc…
| Am J Gastroenterol |
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
| Endoscopy |
| Gastroenterology |
| Gastrointest Endosc |
| Hepatology |
| Inflamm Bowel Dis |
| J Crohns Colitis |
| J Hepatol |